How do vector databases work, and how are they used in RAG systems?

I am learning about RAG (Retrieval-Augmented Generation) and want to understand how vector databases work.

  1. What is a vector database in simple words?

  2. How does it store and search information?

  3. How does a RAG system use a vector database to retrieve relevant information?

  4. Can you explain this with a simple real-world example?

I would appreciate a beginner-friendly explanation with a practical example.

Have you seen courses like these?