Actually, I struggled a bit with this notion too so if some people are still struggling, here’s how I see it :
_the total area of the PDF ( orange area on the left graph ) is 1
_the Y axis on the CDF ( the “Fx” axis ) corresponds to the “cumulated” PDF area for a given x, you can see that this axis goes from 0 to 1 as well
_the (x-0)/1 formula is referring to this ratio: (PDF area from 0 to x) / (total PDF area)
=> PDF area from 0 to x = (x-0)(1) same as (x - 0) in the picture
=> Total PDF area = 1
=> therefore (x-0)/1 corresponds to the “portion” of the PDF area up to x