Regarding the question about two dice rolls (what is the probability to obtain a result of 6, if two dice are rolled when the result of the first roll is smaller than 4, and if one die is rolled when the result of the first roll is greater than or equal to (please update that in the question) 4):
It may help to clarify that new dice are being rolled in either case. I misunderstood the question at first, thinking that a single additional die is rolled (or not), depending on the first die result. This would result in a probability of 3/6 * 3/18 + 3/6 * 1/3 = 1/12 + 1/6 = 1/4 and I did not find that answer in the list until I realized the question was referring to completely fresh dice rolls.